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John Dury〔John Durie or Durye, Johannes Duraeus, Johannes Dureus, Johann Dureus, Jean Duré.〕 (1596 in Edinburgh〔(Durie timeline )〕 – 1680 in Kassel) was a Scottish Calvinist minister and a significant intellectual of the English Civil War period. He made efforts to re-unite the Calvinist and Lutheran wings of Protestantism, hoping to succeed when he moved to Kassel in 1661, but he did not accomplish this. He was a prolific preacher, pamphleteer and writer. ==Early life== He was the fourth son of the exiled Scottish presbyterian minister Robert Durie; John was brought up in the Netherlands, at Leiden, attending the university there. He was in Cologne, at the Walloon Church, 1624-6,〔J. T. Young (1998), ''Faith, Alchemy and Natural Philosophy: Johann Moriaen, Reformed Intelligencer, and the Hartlib Circle'', p.11.〕 and subsequently at Elbląg (Elbing). He was a close associate of Samuel Hartlib, a native of Elbląg, whom he met there, and shared his interest in education.〔Hugh Trevor-Roper, ''Three Foreigners'', p.251 in ''Religion, the Reformation, and Social Change''; (online PDF ).〕 According to Richard Popkin,〔Popkin, ''The Pimlico History of Western Philosophy''/''Columbia History'' (1998/9), p. 334.〕 another key influence was Joseph Mede, from whom Dury took a method of scriptural interpretation; this interpretation has been challenged by recent research claiming that Dury developed his "Scriptural Analysis" before meeting with the works of Mede.〔Léchot, ''Un christianisme sans partialité'' (2011), p. 417-419.〕 While at Elbing he translated an anti-trinitarian work of Samuel Przypkowski into English.〔http://www.belreform.org/eng/katlarcuk_eng.php〕 From 1628 Dury petitioned Gustavus Adolphus for help in the cause of Protestant unity.〔(Hartlib Circle Catalogue Number 66 )〕 He spent much time wandering Europe. He met Comenius, who spent some years in Elbląg as well, with an introduction from Hartlib. Up to 1633, Dury had Anglican support from George Abbot. In that year, Abbot died and was replaced by William Laud, with whom Dury had a much more difficult relationship;〔Hugh Trevor-Roper, ''Archbishop Laud'' (1962 edition), pp. 264–9.〕 Christopher Hill〔''A Nation of Change and Novelty'' (1990), p. 83.〕 states ''Laud had no use for the efforts of Comenius, Dury and Hartlib to reunite Protestants''. Dury was ordained in 1634, and went to Sweden, supported by 38 English Puritans.〔Christopher Hill, ''Intellectual Origins of the English Revolution'' (1965), p. 100. Hill lists among Dury's English supporters Richard Holdsworth (p.100), John Stoughton (p.101), John Pym (p. 107); Thomas Goodwin, Philip Nye and Henry Burton (p.308).〕 The networking of Dury and Hartlib in the 1630s brought them close to Oliver Cromwell, through Oliver St John (a relation by marriage, and friend) and the Godmanchester preacher Walter Welles, a neighbour.〔(PDF ), p.4; John Morrill, ''The Nature of the English Revolution'' (1993), p. 138 – Welles had studied in Leiden.〕 Dury then travelled widely in northern Europe, and was tutor to Mary, Princess of Orange in the Hague.〔''Concise Dictionary of National Biography''〕 He had a long though unproductive meeting with René Descartes in 1635;〔Jonathan Israel, ''The Dutch Republic'' (1995) p.589; see also Popkin, p. 334.〕〔Jonathan Israel, ''The Radical Enlightenment'' (2001) p.204, speaking of 30 years later, describes Dury as anti-Cartesian and a correspondent of Johann Heinrich Heidegger.〕 also in the Netherlands he was an associate of Adam Boreel and Petrus Serrarius, and an influential figure. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Dury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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